F3 Titanium Forging is a relatively rare pure titanium product with a small range of applications. It is less prone to molding than F1、F2 Titanium Forging, with greater strength and improved corrosion resistance. Used in aerospace and some industries that require medium strength, and uses of petrochemical, food processing, pollution control, pulp and paper.
Titanium forgings are widely used in petrochemical equipment. Such as the holes and flanges of spherical storage tanks, various tube sheets required for heat exchangers, butt-welded flanges, forged cylinders (pressure vessels) of catalytic cracking reactors, cylinder sections used in hydrogenation reactors, fertilizer equipment The required top cover, bottom cover, head, etc. are all forgings.
Titanium alloy plates and titanium plates are mainly used to manufacture various containers, reactors, heat exchangers, distillation towers, pipes, pumps and valves in the petrochemical machinery manufacturing industry. Titanium can be used as titanium cathodes and condensers in power stations as well as environmental pollution control devices. The hardness of steel is higher than that of titanium plate, but the specific strength of titanium alloy, that is, the tensile strength, is higher than that of high-quality steel. Titanium alloy has good heat resistance strength, low temperature toughness and fracture toughness, so it is mostly used as aircraft engine parts and rocket and missile structural parts. Ultra-Thin Titanium Alloy Sheet can also be used as fuel and oxidant storage tanks and high-pressure containers. Existing to make an automatic rifle with titanium alloy now, the launch tube of the mortar seat board and recoilless gun.
1. Memory function
Titanium-nickel alloy has one-way, two-way and all-round memory effects at a certain ambient temperature, and is recognized as a better memory titanium alloy. In engineering, it is used to make pipe joints for the oil pressure system of fighter jets; the oil pipeline system of oil complexes; the parabolic mesh antenna with a diameter of 500mm made of 0.5mm wire is used in aerospace vehicles; it is used in medical engineering to make snoring Treatment; titanium plates made of screws for fracture healing, etc. The above-mentioned applications have all obtained obvious effects.
2. Superconducting function
The ASTM F67 Gr2 Titanium Sheet exhibits a zero-resistance superconducting function when the temperature is lower than the critical temperature.
3. Hydrogen storage function
Titanium-iron alloy has the property of absorbing hydrogen, which can safely store a large amount of hydrogen and release hydrogen in a certain environment. This has promising applications in hydrogen separation, hydrogen purification, hydrogen storage and transportation, and the manufacture of hydrogen-powered heat pumps and batteries.
Titanium is stable in the air; because titanium has low density, high specific strength, and the density is only 0.6 of that of steel. The strength of pure titanium is almost the same as that of steel, and the strength of alloy is nearly twice that of steel. characteristic. Titanium is known as "space metal". It can maintain high strength and mechanical properties in a wide temperature range of -253°C~500°C. Since the 1950s, the proportion of titanium in aerospace has been increasing. The bigger it is, the titanium alloy is an important material for making rocket engine casings, artificial satellites, and spacecraft.
At room temperature, Grade 1 Titanium Straight Wire maintains its own color tone for life, and its unique silver-gray tone is highly polished or mercerized. Matte has a good performance. It is the most suitable jewelry metal except precious metal platinum and gold. It is often used in foreign modern jewelry design. However, due to the high requirements of titanium processing technology, it is difficult to cast it with ordinary equipment, and it is difficult to weld it with ordinary tools, so it is difficult to form a production scale. Titanium is light in texture but extraordinarily strong. It is a popular jewelry material in the world. In terms of style design, the minimalist and clean cutting, high design and low-key avant-garde style are highly respected by young white-collar workers.
6al4v titanium alloy bar is a special metal with low density, light weight, high specific strength, and strong corrosion resistance. It will not turn black like silver, and it will keep its silvery white tone for life at room temperature. TC4 titanium rods and TC4 titanium forgings are commonly used in aerospace. Military precision parts. In terms of chemical reactions, the strong corrosive agent "aqua regia" can devour silver and gold, and even corrode the so-called "stainless" stainless steel. However, "aqua regia" has nothing to do with titanium. Titanium metal is also added to stainless steel to resist acid and alkali.
Titanium plates have unique uses in medicine. When titanium metal comes into contact with substances, no chemical reaction will occur. That is to say, because titanium has high corrosion resistance and high stability, it will not affect its essence after long-term contact with people, so it will not cause human allergies. It is the only one that has no effect on human autonomic nerves and taste. Metal. Titanium is also known as "biophilic metal".
During the production and processing of Titanium Eye Bolt and candied fruit, the requirements for mechanical precision will be higher. During mechanical production, because the tool is in a state of work wear during each production process, and is calibrated according to the program, the density of titanium alloy fasteners is higher, and the tool is easily worn during the processing process. In this state, the tool is still processed according to the program, which can easily cause the precision of the compact parts to be affected during the processing. If the precision of the fasteners is not strictly controlled within the error range during the entire processing process, the titanium alloy and other materials cannot be tightly connected during the use process, which will have a certain impact on the subsequent use. The precision of titanium alloy fasteners in the machining production process is a major problem that needs to be overcome in the production process. Fastener craft products are products made in high-precision production workshops, and the connection performance of these products is better.
Due to its excellent comprehensive performance, titanium is called the metal of the 21st century. Although the price ratio between titanium and titanium alloy bellows and stainless steel bellows is very high (about 10:1), the service life of steel equipment is only 2 to 3 years. The service life of the pipe can reach more than 20a, and there is almost no repair cost. From the perspective of long-term and comprehensive economic benefits, it is very cost-effective to use titanium bellows. At present, due to cost and manufacturing technology and other reasons, titanium and titanium alloy bellows can only be used in high-tech industries such as aviation, aerospace and high-energy physics in my country, and are rarely used in chemical, oil refining and other industries. It can be expected that with the development of science and technology in our country, the application of titanium is becoming more and more extensive.
Titanium bellows are generally used in occasions with high performance requirements such as light weight and high flexibility, and are also used in fields with high corrosion resistance requirements. Titanium and titanium alloy bellows have broad application prospects in chemical plants such as saltworks, fertilizer plants, and alkali plants. The chemical industry has high requirements on the corrosion resistance of bellows, and stainless steel can no longer meet the actual production needs. The use of titanium and titanium alloy bellows is a development trend. For example, when alkali plants and chemical plants are used for mother liquor heat exchange, due to the high concentration of CL - in the medium, there is corrosion to stainless steel, and the use of titanium bellows can effectively prevent corrosion. For example, a chemical plant in the United States used (254mm) hydroformed titanium corrugated expansion joints in the pipeline for transporting acetic acid; a Titanium Elbow heat exchanger developed by a company in Beijing for the fields of salt chemical and marine chemical industry has been used in some chemical plants , the effect is good.
In the oil refining industry, the most widely used bellows are wave expansion joints. Bellows expansion joints are widely used in catalytic cracking units in the oil refining industry. The bellows (wave expansion joints) used in the oil refining industry have high requirements for corrosion resistance. The main reason is corrosion damage, which accounts for about 80% of the failure of bellows expansion joints. In recent years, with the increase of corrosive medium content in crude oil, the development of heavy oil catalytic cracking process technology, and the increase of device operating temperature, the working conditions of bellows have become more and more harsh. The corrugated expansion joints in the catalytic cracking unit of the refinery often go through a production cycle, and some months or even several hours of operation will cause corrosion damage and need to be replaced, which seriously affects the safe operation of the equipment and the exertion of economic benefits. A pressing problem for refineries.
The density of titanium alloy is small, so the inertia of titanium liquid flow is small, and the fluidity of molten titanium is poor, resulting in low casting flow rate. The temperature difference between the casting temperature and the mold (300°C) is large, the cooling is fast, and the casting is carried out in a protective atmosphere. Defects such as pores on the surface and inside of the titanium casting will inevitably appear, which has a great impact on the quality of the titanium casting. Next, the titanium forging The surface treatment tips are organized as follows:
1. Removal of the surface reaction layer
The surface reaction layer is the main factor affecting the physical and chemical properties of titanium castings. Before grinding and polishing titanium castings, the surface contamination layer must be completely removed to achieve a satisfactory polishing effect. The surface reaction layer of titanium alloy flange can be completely removed by pickling after sandblasting.
1. Sandblasting: For the sandblasting treatment of titanium castings, it is generally better to use white corundum for rough spraying. The pressure of sandblasting is smaller than that of non-precious metals, and it is generally controlled below 0.45Mpa. Because, when the injection pressure is too high, the sand particles impact the titanium surface to produce intense sparks, and the temperature rise can react with the titanium surface, forming secondary pollution and affecting the surface quality. The time is 15 to 30 seconds, and only the sand sticking, surface sintering layer and part of the casting surface and the oxide layer are removed. The remaining surface reaction layer structure should be quickly removed by chemical pickling.
2. Pickling: pickling can quickly and completely remove the surface reaction layer, and the surface will not be polluted by other elements. Both HF-HCl and HF-HNO3 pickling solutions can be used for pickling of titanium, but the HF-HCl series pickling solution has a large hydrogen absorption capacity, while the HF-HNO3 series pickling solution has a small hydrogen absorption capacity, which can control HNO3 The concentration of HF reduces hydrogen absorption, and can brighten the surface. Generally, the concentration of HF is about 3%~5%, and the concentration of HNO3 is about 15%~30%.
2. Treatment of casting defects
Internal pores and shrinkage cavity Internal defects: can be removed by hot isostatic pressing, but it will affect the accuracy of the denture. It is best to use X-ray flaw detection to remove the exposed pores on the surface and use laser repair welding. Surface porosity defects can be directly repaired by local laser welding.
3. Grinding and polishing
1. Mechanical grinding: titanium alloy forged ring has high chemical reactivity, low thermal conductivity, high viscosity, low mechanical grinding ratio, and is easy to react with abrasives. Ordinary abrasives are not suitable for grinding and polishing titanium. It is best to use good thermal conductivity. For superhard abrasives, such as diamond, cubic boron nitride, etc., the polishing line speed is generally 900~1800m/min. Otherwise, grinding burns and microcracks are prone to occur on the titanium surface.
2. Chemical polishing: Chemical polishing is to achieve the purpose of leveling and polishing through the oxidation-reduction reaction of metals in chemical media. Its advantage is that chemical polishing has nothing to do with the hardness of the metal, the polishing area has nothing to do with the structural shape, all parts in contact with the polishing liquid are polished, no special complicated equipment is required, the operation is simple, and it is more suitable for polishing complex titanium denture brackets. However, the process parameters of chemical polishing are difficult to control, and it is required to have a good polishing effect on the denture without affecting the precision of the denture.
4. Coloring
In order to increase the beauty of titanium dentures and prevent the discoloration of titanium dentures from continuous oxidation under natural conditions, surface nitriding treatment, atmospheric oxidation and anodic oxidation can be used for surface coloring treatment to make the surface light yellow or golden yellow and improve the titanium dentures. beauty. The anodic oxidation method utilizes the interference effect of the titanium oxide film on the light to produce natural color, and can form colorful colors on the titanium surface by changing the cell voltage.
Titanium wire is one of the metals that are difficult to stretch at room temperature. In the past, graphite resin coating was used, and it could only be stretched in one mold per pass. The surface coating must be removed by pickling before intermediate annealing, especially for wires with a diameter of less than 0.5 mm. , the production process is complicated, the cycle is long, the metal damage is large, and there are silver-white pits on the surface of the wire, and even the mold cannot be stretched due to the sticky mold of the tree. After more than two years of production practice, the titanium wire manufacturer has developed a simple lubricating coating (including lime, soap, garden powder, molybdenum disulfide) for titanium wire stretching, so as to achieve multiple Die stretching new technology. The process has the following characteristics:
New Technology of titanium welding filler wire Drawing
1. Realized multi-mode stretching (up to 7 modes), which greatly shortened the production cycle, increased labor productivity, and increased output by more than 5 times, thereby reducing costs and creating conditions for the civil use of titanium materials.
2. Simplify and shorten the process flow, reduce labor intensity, reduce the amount of industrial acid, and reduce metal loss by about 15%.
3. The surface quality of surgical medical titanium wire is improved (silver-white pitting is eliminated, and stretched surface wire with metallic luster is obtained), and the tolerance of wire diameter is reduced, thereby improving corrosion resistance.
4. In the past, it was difficult to prepare industrial pure titanium wire with a diameter of 0.06 mm. Now, after improvement, it can smoothly stretch industrial pure titanium wire with a diameter of 0.06 mm and titanium alloy wire with a diameter of 0.1 mm, expanding the diameter of the titanium wire. Specifications and scope of use provide corrosion-resistant mesh materials for printing and dyeing, chemical, light industry and other industries.
Titanium bar/rod—a hot rolled, forged, or cold worked semifinished solid section product whose cross-sectional area is equal to or less than 16 in. (10323 mm); ASTM B348 Round Bar is a very popular go-to for many products.
Titanium bar/rod manufacturing state(ASTM B348):
Hot Rolling（R）
Cold Rolling（Y）
Annealing（M）
Solid solution（ST）
With the continuous research on titanium metal, it plays an indispensable role in all walks of life. Due to its special characteristics, titanium metal can be used not only in general industry, but also in aviation industry. Today, the editor of Baoji titanium material manufacturer will tell you about titanium metal.
The specific strength (ratio of strength to weight) of titanium and its alloys is the highest among metal structural materials. Its strength is equivalent to that of steel, but its weight is only 57% of that of steel. In addition, titanium and its alloys have strong heat resistance, and can still maintain good strength and stability in an atmosphere of 500 ° C, and the short-term working temperature can even be higher. Aluminum loses its original mechanical properties at 150°C and stainless steel at 310°C.
When aircraft missiles and rockets fly at high speed, the engine and surface temperature are quite high, and aluminum alloy is no longer competent. Titanium alloy is very suitable. It is precisely because Tantalum Sputtering Target and its alloys have comprehensive excellent properties such as high strength, light weight, and strong heat resistance, when they are used in aircraft manufacturing to replace other metals, it can not only prolong the service life of the aircraft, but also reduce its weight, thereby Greatly improve its flight performance. Therefore, titanium is one of the more promising structural materials in the aviation industry and aerospace industry.
The amount of titanium used in aircraft engines has increased, and the fuselage also partially requires titanium. Aircraft with a Mach number greater than 3.5 have a high engine inlet temperature, so they cannot have a high impact strength, and can withstand high pressure and vibration. Therefore, ASTM F67 Gr2 Titanium Plate and its alloys are only used to manufacture engine casings and structural components in rockets, missiles and spacecraft, and are used to manufacture high-pressure containers, such as high-pressure gas cylinders, cryogenic liquid fuel tanks, etc. In addition, titanium and its alloys are used in nuclear reactors and military weapons.
In recent years, with the continuous research and development of titanium, there are more and more kinds of titanium materials. Titanium wire is one of the common titanium materials in life.
Generally speaking, titanium and Grade 5 Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Wire refers to titanium products supplied in the form of discs, and some are supplied in the form of straight wires. As far as the diameter is concerned, the division standard of titanium wire and titanium rod is not strict, and each country has different standards. my country's wire standard "GB3623-83" only shows that the diameter of titanium and titanium alloy wire is not greater than 6mm.
1. Classification
According to different properties, titanium and titanium alloys can be used to prepare wires with different requirements, generally divided into: pure titanium wire, titanium alloy wire, pure titanium glasses wire, titanium straight wire, titanium welding wire, titanium hanging wire, titanium disc Wire, titanium bright wire, medical titanium wire, titanium-nickel alloy wire, each has a different purpose. For example, pure titanium spectacle wire is mainly used to make spectacle brackets, titanium hanger wire is used to hang weights, and titanium-nickel alloy wire is commonly used as memory alloy material.
The finished products of titanium and surgical medical titanium wire are generally hard (Y) and annealed (M), and the surface can be divided into pickling surface and bright surface.
2. Application
Titanium wire also perfectly "inherits" the advantages of titanium and titanium alloys, with a series of good corrosion resistance, high specific strength, non-magnetic, high biocompatibility, low impedance to ultrasonic waves and good shape memory function. Excellent characteristics.
Therefore, titanium wire is widely used in many fields such as aerospace, petrochemical, medical and health, automobile, construction, and sports and leisure products.
And in recent years, due to its continuous development, its variety has become more and more diverse, which provides more choices for its application in high-performance industrial products and consumer products.
3. The main factors affecting the tensile force of titanium wire
With the development of the national economy, the demand for titanium and titanium alloy wire is increasing, and it is currently in a state of short supply, with great potential for development.
(1) Mechanical properties of metals. Closely related to the yield strength of the metal being stretched. Generally, there is a linear relationship between the yield strength of a stretched metal and the tensile force, that is, as the strength of the stretched metal increases, the tensile force increases.
(2) Degree of deformation. The tensile force increases with the degree of deformation.
(3) Stretching speed. In the practical range of stretching speed, the effect of stretching speed on stretching force is not very obvious. Just at the moment of starting the equipment, the tensile force increases due to the greater acceleration. When the speed is stable, the tensile force does not change with the change of speed.
(4) The length of the sizing belt. Affect the friction force when the metal passes through, the sizing belt increases, and the tensile force also increases.
(5) Mold shape. Die taper and sizing belt length are directly related to tensile force. The increase of the die angle reduces the length of the deformation zone, reduces the vertical pressure and the resulting friction, but the increase of the die angle also increases the deformation resistance in the horizontal direction. When the mold angle is small, the former factor dominates, so the tensile force decreases with the increase of the mold angle; while when the mold angle is large, the latter factor dominates, so the tensile force decreases with the increase of the mold angle increase. Therefore, there is an optimal die angle, and the tensile force is the smallest when stretching at the optimal die angle. Experiments show that the magnitude of the tensile force has a certain relationship with the arc of the mold, but the influence is limited. At the same time, because the manufacture and inspection of the shape of the tapered die hole are relatively easy, the tapered die is often used in production.
(6) Lubrication and friction conditions. The quality of lubricating conditions and lubricants directly affects the magnitude of the tensile force. The difference in tool material and surface roughness is also related to the change of friction coefficient, which causes the change of tensile force.
