An overview of the classification and application of titanium wire and the related factors affecting the tensile force!

In recent years, with the continuous research and development of titanium, there are more and more kinds of titanium materials. Titanium wire is one of the common titanium materials in life.

  Generally speaking, titanium and Grade 5 Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Wire refers to titanium products supplied in the form of discs, and some are supplied in the form of straight wires. As far as the diameter is concerned, the division standard of titanium wire and titanium rod is not strict, and each country has different standards. my country's wire standard "GB3623-83" only shows that the diameter of titanium and titanium alloy wire is not greater than 6mm.

1. Classification

According to different properties, titanium and titanium alloys can be used to prepare wires with different requirements, generally divided into: pure titanium wire, titanium alloy wire, pure titanium glasses wire, titanium straight wire, titanium welding wire, titanium hanging wire, titanium disc Wire, titanium bright wire, medical titanium wire, titanium-nickel alloy wire, each has a different purpose. For example, pure titanium spectacle wire is mainly used to make spectacle brackets, titanium hanger wire is used to hang weights, and titanium-nickel alloy wire is commonly used as memory alloy material.

The finished products of titanium and surgical medical titanium wire are generally hard (Y) and annealed (M), and the surface can be divided into pickling surface and bright surface.

2. Application

Titanium wire also perfectly "inherits" the advantages of titanium and titanium alloys, with a series of good corrosion resistance, high specific strength, non-magnetic, high biocompatibility, low impedance to ultrasonic waves and good shape memory function. Excellent characteristics.

Therefore, titanium wire is widely used in many fields such as aerospace, petrochemical, medical and health, automobile, construction, and sports and leisure products.

And in recent years, due to its continuous development, its variety has become more and more diverse, which provides more choices for its application in high-performance industrial products and consumer products.

  3. The main factors affecting the tensile force of titanium wire

With the development of the national economy, the demand for titanium and titanium alloy wire is increasing, and it is currently in a state of short supply, with great potential for development.

  (1) Mechanical properties of metals. Closely related to the yield strength of the metal being stretched. Generally, there is a linear relationship between the yield strength of a stretched metal and the tensile force, that is, as the strength of the stretched metal increases, the tensile force increases.

(2) Degree of deformation. The tensile force increases with the degree of deformation.

(3) Stretching speed. In the practical range of stretching speed, the effect of stretching speed on stretching force is not very obvious. Just at the moment of starting the equipment, the tensile force increases due to the greater acceleration. When the speed is stable, the tensile force does not change with the change of speed.

(4) The length of the sizing belt. Affect the friction force when the metal passes through, the sizing belt increases, and the tensile force also increases.

(5) Mold shape. Die taper and sizing belt length are directly related to tensile force. The increase of the die angle reduces the length of the deformation zone, reduces the vertical pressure and the resulting friction, but the increase of the die angle also increases the deformation resistance in the horizontal direction. When the mold angle is small, the former factor dominates, so the tensile force decreases with the increase of the mold angle; while when the mold angle is large, the latter factor dominates, so the tensile force decreases with the increase of the mold angle increase. Therefore, there is an optimal die angle, and the tensile force is the smallest when stretching at the optimal die angle. Experiments show that the magnitude of the tensile force has a certain relationship with the arc of the mold, but the influence is limited. At the same time, because the manufacture and inspection of the shape of the tapered die hole are relatively easy, the tapered die is often used in production.

  (6) Lubrication and friction conditions. The quality of lubricating conditions and lubricants directly affects the magnitude of the tensile force. The difference in tool material and surface roughness is also related to the change of friction coefficient, which causes the change of tensile force.

Development and Application Market of Low Alloy Titanium Coil

Up to now, the key technology of low-alloy Grade 3 Pure Titanium Foil production is still mastered by several large titanium coil manufacturers abroad, and a domestic company has only begun to conduct in-depth research in recent years and has made preliminary progress. However, a large number of low-alloy titanium coils still need to be imported into China every year, and their price and demand are controlled by others, so as to restrain and stifle the production of domestic low-alloy titanium coils and achieve the purpose of exporting titanium processed products to China and monopolizing the market.

Alloy titanium coils are mainly used in high-tech fields such as aircraft, spacecraft, submarines, nuclear power plants, medical treatment, and high-end racing cars, as well as civil fields such as metallurgy, the chemical industry, and decoration.

At present, a number of complete titanium coil production lines have been built in China, and have begun to take shape, and the equipment strength has far surpassed that of similar foreign manufacturers. In November 2008, with the successful trial production of domestic cold-rolled titanium coils, a complete production chain from sponge titanium, smelting, forging, rolling, finishing treatment, and deep processing was formed. The production technology of titanium coils has been perfected day by day, and a large amount of data and experience have been accumulated for the production of low-alloy wide-width Gr2 Pure Titanium Foil.

Medical industry

Due to its excellent compatibility with the human body, titanium has been used as the material of choice in the medical industry. With the development of the strip market, the medical industry, which used to rely on sheet production to provide raw materials, began to prefer belt production instead, mainly because of the high precision and high consistency of belt production, which can fully guarantee the use in the human body environment. safety, but at the same time, a slightly higher strength index requirement is also proposed, which also promotes the potential of the low alloy market.

civilian market

In recent years, due to the promotion of titanium for construction and titanium for kitchen utensils, the use of titanium in the civilian market has gradually been accepted by people. Everyone has begun to use the proportion of titanium in daily life as a strength of corporate publicity. In emerging markets such as mobile phone cases, laptops, business card holders, and even business cards, titanium has gradually become a tool for publicity and a carrier for information transmission.

pipe

Ti-3Al-2.5V is mainly used as a seamless pipe application. Such tubes can be processed in various crystallographic orientations from radial to axial textures. The diversity of Ti-3Al-2.5V texture provides an effective way to improve performance. Ti-3Al-2.5V was originally developed as a material for welded and seamless pipes. This alloy was later used in some other constructions, but the tubing application still dominates today.

Virtually all commercial airliners now have Ti-3Al-2.5V hydraulic systems, and the alloy is increasingly used in chemical equipment. The chemical equipment made of it can withstand higher operating temperatures, the efficiency is improved, and the environmental impact is significantly reduced, especially the good corrosion resistance in seawater so that it is gradually used in seawater cooling systems and seabed oil exploitation. At the same time, high strength, low density, and good rigidity are excellent materials for developing bicycle frames and golf clubs.

Determination of Nitrogen Content in Sponge Titanium, Titanium and Titanium Alloys

Nitrogen in titanium alloys mainly exists in the form of nitrides, such as TiN, VN, FeN, etc., and only a small part of nitrogen exists in the form of atoms. Excessive nitrogen content in titanium alloys will lead to loose macrostructure and even the formation of bubbles. It reduces the toughness, increases the hardness, and increases the sensitivity of the notch, which greatly hinders the application of titanium and titanium alloys. Therefore, in the production of titanium and titanium alloy tubing, it is necessary to accurately analyze the nitrogen content in sponge titanium, titanium, and titanium alloys, and strictly control its content to ensure product quality. Due to the high melting point of nitrides in titanium and titanium alloys (for example, the melting point of titanium nitride is 2950°C), it is difficult to directly determine its content by pulse inert gas melting method. Through the selection and combination of different graphite crucibles, fluxes, sample weights, and heating power, researchers have realized the use of LECO's TC600 oxygen and nitrogen combined detector pulse inert gas melting-thermal conductivity method to test sponge titanium, titanium, and Titanium Alloy Seamless Rectangular Pipe. Determination of nitrogen content.

The principle of the experiment is as follows: put the sample into a graphite crucible with flux, protect it with an inert gas (helium), and release oxygen and nitrogen at a sufficient temperature. Oxygen combines with carbon to form CO and nitrogen is released as N2. The gas released by the sample is carried by the inert gas through the heated rare earth copper oxide, so that CO is converted into CO2, H2 is converted into H2O, CO2 is absorbed by soda asbestos, and H2O is absorbed by anhydrous magnesium perchlorate. Then, nitrogen enters the thermal conductivity measurement cell in the form of N2, and the output of the Wheatstone bridge is integrated and compared with the reference material to respond, which is displayed in the form of nitrogen percentage.

The test results are as follows: using a high-temperature graphite crucible preloaded with 0.050g of high-purity graphite powder, and using a high-purity nickel basket as a flux, the best test conditions for the combined measuring instrument are: degassing power 5600W, analysis power 5000W, degassing time 20s, cooling time 15s, flushing time 15s, integration time 65s. Through the measurement of standard samples and comparison with the data of other units, and put into production testing, it is proved that the method is easy to operate, fast in analysis speed, and the accuracy and precision of data meet the needs of scientific research and production.

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Titanium alloy has good mechanical properties at room temperature and high temperature, excellent fatigue resistance and cracks propagation resistance. It has been widely used in the manufacture of pressure vessels on spacecraft missiles, rocket engine shells, aircraft skins, ribs, and webs. 

Application of titanium alloy in bicycle industry

At present, in the bicycle industry, especially in the high-end bicycle industry, people are increasingly pursuing high-quality driving experience, and require bicycles to be safe, reliable, and light. Titanium bicycles are high-end bicycles that have become popular in the world. In order to further To lighten the weight of the vehicle body, the manufacturer hopes to change the frame tube from a straight tube with equal diameter to a tube with a variable inner diameter and wall thickness. The characteristic of this kind of pipe is that the outer diameter is constant, and the inner diameter is small at both ends and large in the middle, so it is difficult to produce this kind of titanium welded tube. According to the needs of users, a new technology was used for trial production. After nearly a year of hard work, the trial production was successful and samples were provided to foreign manufacturers. Now, has designed and manufactured a special machine tool that can mass-produce such pipes. Under the control of the computer, it can produce different specifications of inner diameter reducing pipes and realize industrialization.

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Titanium hydride powder, The product is a dark gray irregular powder. Use Titanium powder and Titanium Hydrogenate Powder are a very widely used metal powder.

Titanium is prone to crevice corrosion in some media

Titanium is prone to crevice corrosion in some media. Structural design should eliminate gaps and recesses that can store water as much as possible. The gap between the titanium plate and the titanium plate is also susceptible to corrosion, especially the gap formed by titanium and tetrafluoroethylene. Because titanium is not corrosion-resistant to solutions containing a small amount of soluble fluoride, fluoride causes passivation damage. Therefore, special care should be taken when using PTFE plastic gaskets, fluorine-containing rubber gaskets and adhesives. Its strength index decreases with the increase of temperature, and the mechanical properties of titanium change with temperature. For example, the tensile strength and yield strength at 250 to 300 ° C are half of those at room temperature. Even when the design temperature is not high, therefore. It should also be selected according to the strength value at the design temperature. grade 2 titanium sheet has a high yield ratio and good durability. When the design temperature is below 316°C, the tensile strength value at this temperature is often what determines the design strength index. For industrial pure titanium, the strength index value cannot be improved by heat treatment. When Titanium Threaded Forged Fitting is used in combination with other materials, the thermal expansion coefficient of titanium is small. Pay attention to the stress caused by the expansion difference.

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Titanium Weld Neck Flanges are flanges that designed to be joined to a piping system by butt welding. The gradual transition of thickness from the base of the hub to the wall thickness at the butt weld provides important reinforcement of the Titanium Weld Neck flange. The bore of the Titanium Weld-Neck flange matches the bore of the pipe, reducing turbulence and erosion.

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Grade 1 Pure Titanium Sheet/Plate

1. Grade 1 titanium has excellent corrosion and wear resistance.
2. It can be used in the aerospace, marine, and chemical industries.
3. It has 3 delivery states: M (Annealed), Y (Cold Rolled), R (Hot Rolled)

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Rolling method of titanium thick-walled pipe, titanium seamless pipe and titanium alloy pipe

Titanium pipes can be divided into seamless pipes and welded pipes, which can be further divided into hot extruded pipes, hot rolled pipes, cold rolled pipes, welded pipes and Grade 3 Pure Titanium Tube. Thick-walled titanium pipes can be hot extruded or hot rolled. Cross-rolling (two-roll or three-roll mill) method of production. Thin-walled seamless titanium tubes (small diameter) need to be made by cold rolling or stretching. Some titanium alloys have low plasticity in cold rolling and are prone to cracking. In order to improve the rollability of titanium alloy tubes, warm rolling can be used.

Sputtering target preparation process and characteristics

We all know that there are many kinds of targets, such as alloys, oxides, copper, aluminum, stainless steel, nickel, titanium and other metals, and according to different metals, various target preparation methods are required.

Different process methods and characteristics of sputtering targets

1. Powder sintering method

Generally hot pressing, vacuum hot pressing, hot isostatic pressing and other processes will use the powder sintering method.

(1) Features: This preparation process has the characteristics of easy to obtain uniform fine-grained structure, saving raw materials, and high production efficiency. The key lies in the selection of high-purity, ultra-fine powder as the raw material, and the selection of forming and sintering technology that can achieve rapid densification, so as to ensure the low porosity of the target and control the grain size. The introduction of impurity elements needs to be strictly controlled during the preparation process.

(2) Suitable metals: suitable for W, Mo, Ru and other insoluble metals and alloys.

2. Melting and casting method

Generally, vacuum induction melting, vacuum arc melting, vacuum electron bombardment melting and other processes will use the melting and casting method.

(1) Features: Compared with the powder method, the smelting casting method has low impurity content in the smelting alloy target, especially the gas impurity content, and can be high-density and large-scale, but for metals with large differences in melting point and density, smelting It will be difficult to obtain alloy targets with uniform composition.

(2) Applicable metals: suitable for Al, Ti, Ni, Cu, Co, Ta, Ag, Pt and other metals with good plasticity.

3. Extrusion process

Generally, hot extrusion, cold extrusion, warm extrusion, etc. will use the extrusion process.

(1) Features: It is mainly used to prepare metal and alloy rotating targets with good plasticity.

(2) Applicable metals: suitable for Al, Cu, Zn and other metals with good plasticity.

4. Plasma spraying method

General vacuum, water stabilization, gas stabilization plasma spraying and other processes will use the plasma spraying method.

(1) Features: It can be used to prepare rotating targets such as brittle metals and alloys, ceramic targets, etc.

(2) Applicable metals: suitable for rotating targets such as Cr, Si, oxides, etc.

Through the above introduction, it can be known that the Titanium Nitride Sputtering Target preparation methods mainly include powder sintering method, smelting casting method, extrusion process, plasma spraying method, etc. Different processes have different application occasions, different characteristics, and different applicable metals, so different metals are used. The preparation process is different.

Titanium alloy forgings have great development potential

Titanium alloy forgings are not only widely used in aerospace manufacturing, but also can be used as steam turbine blades for thermal power generation to increase the length of steam turbine blades, thereby improving power generation efficiency and reducing the load on the rotor. In addition, Titanium Wing Nut also have certain applications in sports equipment, such as golf clubs, which allow the elastic hitting surface to store or release energy through a longer impact time to ease the impact, thus eliminating the need for Swing hard enough to hit the ball far. The wide application of titanium alloy forgings in various fields makes titanium alloy forgings have great development potential.

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Treatment of surface defects after titanium forgings are made into parts

Since titanium forgings are made into parts, their stress, importance, and working conditions are different during use, and their materials and metallurgical processes are also different. Therefore, different parts are divided into titanium forgings according to the above conditions and in accordance with the requirements of this department. In terms of categories, different departments and different standards classify titanium forgings differently. But in any case, the quality inspection of titanium forgings as a whole is inseparable from two types of inspections, namely the inspection of appearance quality and internal quality, but the categories of titanium forgings are different, and the specific inspection items, inspection quantities and inspection requirements Just different. For example, some industrial departments classify structural steel, stainless steel, and heat-resistant steel F9 Titanium Forging into Class IV for inspection; some departments classify aluminum alloy titanium forgings and die titanium forgings Aluminum alloy and copper alloy titanium forgings are divided into category IV for inspection.

Specifically, the appearance quality inspection of titanium forgings is to check whether the shape and geometric dimensions of titanium forgings meet the requirements of the drawing, whether there are defects on the surface of titanium forgings, what kind of defects are, and what are their morphological characteristics. The inspection content of the surface state is generally to check whether there are surface cracks, folds, wrinkles, pressure pits, orange peel, blisters, scars, corrosion pits, bruises, foreign objects, underfilling, pits, lack of meat, etc. on the surface of titanium forgings. Defects such as scratches. The internal quality inspection is to check the internal quality of the titanium forging itself, which is a quality condition that cannot be found in the appearance quality inspection. It includes not only checking the internal defects of the titanium forging, but also checking the mechanical properties of the titanium forging, and for important and key parts. Or large titanium alloy forged rings should also be analyzed for chemical composition. For internal defects, we will use low-magnification inspection, fracture inspection, and high-magnification inspection to check whether titanium forgings have internal cracks, shrinkage cavities, porosity, coarse grains, white spots, dendrites, streamlines that do not conform to the shape, streamlines, etc. Defects such as disorder, flow-through, coarse-grain ring, oxide film, delamination, overheating, and overfired tissue. As for the mechanical properties, it is mainly to check the tensile strength at room temperature, plasticity, toughness, hardness, fatigue strength, high temperature instantaneous fracture strength, high temperature durable strength, durable plasticity and high temperature creep strength, etc.

The existence of defects in titanium forgings, some will affect the quality of subsequent processes or processing, and some will seriously affect the performance and use of titanium forgings, and even greatly reduce the service life of finished products, endangering safety. Therefore, in order to ensure or improve the quality of titanium forgings, in addition to strengthening quality control in the process and taking corresponding measures to prevent the occurrence of titanium forging defects, necessary quality inspections should also be carried out to prevent subsequent processes (such as heat treatment, surface treatment, Cold working) and titanium forgings with defects that have adverse effects on performance flow into subsequent processes. After the quality inspection, remedial measures can also be taken for the manufactured titanium forgings according to the nature of the defects and the extent to which they affect the use, so as to make them meet the technical standards or use requirements.

Therefore, in a sense, the quality inspection of titanium forgings, on the one hand, is to check the quality of titanium forgings that have been produced, and on the other hand, it is to point out the direction of improvement for the forging process, so as to ensure that the quality of titanium forgings meets the requirements of titanium forgings technical standards. And meet the requirements of design, processing and use. The quality inspection of titanium forgings includes the inspection of appearance quality and internal quality. Appearance quality inspection mainly refers to the inspection of geometric dimensions, shapes, surface conditions and other items of titanium forgings; internal quality inspection mainly refers to the inspection of chemical composition, macrostructure, microstructure and mechanical properties of titanium forgings.

How to deal with the surface of the titanium tube?

The alloying of the surface of the titanium tube can also be called a coating. Compared with the oxide coating of palladium coated on titanium, it has the advantages of strong bonding, wear resistance and corrosion resistance. Compared with titanium-palladium alloy, the surface content of palladium is high, which saves the precious metal palladium, reduces the cost, and also has excellent performance.

Aluminizing the surface of the Titanium Coil Tube can reduce the tendency of titanium to absorb hydrogen. Mixing 88% alumina, 4% aluminum fluoride and 8% aluminum powder and coating it on the titanium workpiece is the best aluminizing condition. The temperature is 810°C . The thickness and structure of the aluminized layer depend on the holding time. Using the cladding aluminizing method, a thin coating about 2 mm thick can be obtained by short-term diffusion, which has good bonding force and does not affect the mechanical properties of the substrate. The coating consists mainly of a titanium oxide phase, forming a very effective barrier against hydrogen permeation.

After the palladium plating on the Titanium Condenser Tubes, it can be heated by different methods to diffuse the palladium plating layer to the surface area of the titanium tube to form a titanium-palladium alloyed layer on the surface, thereby improving the corrosion resistance. Thermal diffusion or laser surface remelting are possible in principle. Use the laser to irradiate the titanium surface to make it melt and condense rapidly, so that the pre-vacuum-deposited 150-micron palladium film can be rapidly melted to form an effective palladium alloy.

Titanium tube has excellent high temperature and low temperature performance

titanium seamless tubings have excellent high and low temperature performance. Seamless titanium tubes can still maintain good mechanical properties at high temperatures, and their heat resistance is higher than that of aluminum alloys, and the operating temperature range is wider. At present, the operating temperature of new heat-resistant titanium alloys can reach 550-600 ° C; At low temperature, the strength of titanium alloy is increased than that at normal temperature, and it has good toughness. Low-temperature titanium alloy can maintain good toughness at -253°C.

When the titanium bicycle tubing is used, the lower opening of the outer tube is usually connected to the faucet, because the water will automatically flow upward when it is heated in the condenser tube, so as to achieve a greater cooling effect. Jinxi Titanium Industry Technology Co., Ltd. is committed to providing better quality titanium tubes. Titanium welded tubes serve as high-quality products for refrigeration equipment condensers.

Introduction of Titanium Tube Material Titanium Alloy

Titanium tubes are light in weight, high in strength and good in mechanical properties. Titanium tubes are widely used in heat exchange equipment, such as shell and tube heat exchangers, coil heat exchangers, serpentine tube heat exchangers, condensers, evaporators and pipelines. Many nuclear power industries use titanium tubes as standard tubes for their units. titanium seamless pipe

Titanium tube material Titanium alloy is an alloy composed of titanium and other elements. Titanium has two kinds of allotropic crystals: below 882°C is close-packed hexagonal structure α-titanium, and above 882°C is body-centered cubic β-titanium. Grade 3 Pure Titanium Tube

What should be paid attention to in titanium plate filter material

1. When using a grade 7 titanium alloy plate as a filter material, prevent it from being collided or scratched, and keep it well so as not to be polluted.

2. The use of titanium plate filter material cannot exceed its maximum working capacity.

3. Before entering the work, the titanium plate filter material must be activated first, and then it can be adjusted to the normal working environment.

4. Finally, the used Grade 3 Pure Titanium Plate material must be cleaned

Experience Introduction of Processing Methods for Titanium Alloy Materials

The pressure processing of titanium alloys has more similarities with steel processing than with the processing of non-ferrous metals and alloys. Many process parameters of grade 5 titanium round rod in forging, volume stamping and plate stamping are close to those of steel processing. But there are also some important features that must be paid attention to when press working titanium and titanium alloys.

Due to titanium's heat resistance, cooling is critical during titanium alloy machining. The purpose of cooling is to keep the cutting edge and tool surface from overheating. Use end coolant for excellent chip evacuation when shoulder milling as well as face milling pockets, pockets or full slots. When cutting Seamless Titanium Tube Grade 2, chips can easily stick to the cutting edge, causing the next round of milling cutter rotation to cut chips again, often causing edge line chipping. Each insert cavity has its own coolant hole/injection to solve this problem and enhance constant edge performance. Another clever solution is threaded cooling holes. Long edge milling cutters have many inserts. Applying coolant to each hole requires high pump capacity and pressure. But it is different, it can block the unnecessary holes according to the needs, so as to maximize the liquid flow to the required holes.

Medical basis of titanium alloy

The main advantages of using titanium and titanium alloys as human implants are (1) Density (20°C) = 4.5g/cm3, lightweight. Implanted into the human body: reduce the burden on the human body, as a medical device: reduce the operating load of surgical medical titanium wire personnel. (2) Low elastic modulus, pure titanium is 108500MPa, implanted in the human body: it is closer to the natural bone of the human body, which is beneficial to bone joint and reduces the stress shielding effect of bone on the implant. (3) Non-magnetic, not affected by electromagnetic fields and thunderstorms, which is beneficial to human safety after use. (4) Non-toxic, as an implant, it has no toxic side effects on the human body. (5) Corrosion resistance (biologically inert metal material), which has excellent corrosion resistance in the immersion environment of human blood, ensures good compatibility with human blood and cell tissue, does not produce human pollution as an implant, and does not Allergic reactions will occur, which is the basic condition for the application of titanium and titanium alloys. (6) High strength and good toughness. Due to trauma, tumors, and other factors that cause bone and joint damage, in order to establish stable bone support, arc-shaped plates, screws, artificial bones, and joints must be used. These implants should be left in place for a long time. In the human body, it will be subjected to bending, torsion, extrusion, muscle contraction, and other effects of the human body, requiring implants to have high strength and toughness.