The main application areas of titanium in the chemical industry

1. Chlor-alkali industry

The earliest titanium in the chemical industry, the user is the chlor-alkali industry. These include the production of chlorine gas, oxychloride, pesticides, drift powder, etc., in the production of chlorine, titanium equipment and pipes account for almost a quarter of its total mass'. Such as metal anode electrolyzers, ion membrane electrolyzers and anolyte pumps, tubular wet chlorine coolers, chlorine wastewater dechlorination towers, chlorine cooling scrubbers, refined brine preheaters, pumps and valves for vacuum dechlorination, etc. .

2. Soda ash industry

In the production of soda ash, titanium materials are mainly used in the crystallization external cooler, the ammonia condenser at the top of the distillation column, the ammonium chloride mother liquor heater, the plate heat exchanger, the umbrella plate heat exchanger, the cooling pipe of the carbonization tower, and the carbon dioxide turbine compressor. Rotor impeller, lye pump, etc.

3. Vacuum salt industry

Titanium ammonia evaporator, titanium preheater, titanium precooler, titanium flange, titanium tube sheet, titanium pump casing and titanium elbow.

4. Petrochemical fiber

At present, petrochemical fiber enterprises such as polyester, nylon and vinylon, which are imported from abroad or domestically designed and manufactured by themselves, have used some titanium equipment. The application of titanium equipment has played a positive role in the development of chemical fiber production in my country, especially for safe, stable and continuous production, to improve product quality, to prevent premature corrosion and failure of stainless steel, to improve equipment service life, to reduce downtime and maintenance, and to improve comprehensive economic benefits. made a significant contribution.

5. Fine chemical industry

The industrial raw material of propylene oxide plant is a strong corrosive medium. The two main raw materials used in PO production are liquid chlorine and propylene. These strong corrosive media lay the foundation for corrosion of PO production equipment and pipelines. Production under this process conditions, such as carbon steel, Al, Cu, Ni, stainless steel, etc. No metal can resist corrosion, only titanium is an ideal corrosion-resistant metal material. Grade 3 Pure Titanium Foil

6. Inorganic salt industry

Inorganic salts mainly include chlorate and potassium salts. Domestic sodium chlorate production has developed rapidly in the past two years. The total production capacity has exceeded 1 million tons, and another about 500,000 tons is under expansion or preliminary work. The equipment made of titanium chlorate mainly includes electrolytic cells, titanium anodes, and reaction generators. , evaporator, etc., about 15t of titanium material is needed for every 10,000 t of sodium chlorate.

Potash products include potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, potassium carbonate, etc. At present, the total production capacity of potassium nitrate and potassium carbonate in China is about 600,000 tons. Evaporators, preheat tanks and coolers in the production of potassium nitrate and potassium carbonate require titanium equipment.

Application of Molybdenum Sputtering Target

In the electronics industry, molybdenum sputtering targets are mainly used for flat panel displays, electrical and wiring materials for thin-film solar cells, and barrier materials for semiconductors. These are based on molybdenum's high melting point, high electrical conductivity, lower specific impedance, better corrosion resistance, and good environmental performance.

In the past, the wiring material for flat-panel displays was mainly chrome, but as flat-panel displays increase in size and precision, materials with lower specific impedance are increasingly required. In addition, environmental protection is also an issue that must be considered. Molybdenum has the advantage of only 1/2 of the specific impedance and film stress of chromium, and there is no environmental pollution problem, so it has become one of the Sputtering Target materials for flat panel displays. In addition, the use of molybdenum in LCD components can greatly improve the performance of LCDs in terms of brightness, contrast, color and life.

In the flat panel display industry, the main market application of molybdenum sputtering targets is the TFT-LCD field. Market research shows that the next few years will be the peak period of LCD development, with an annual growth rate of about 30%. With the development of LCD, the consumption of LCD sputtering targets has also increased rapidly, with an annual growth rate of about 20%. In 2006, the demand for spherical molybdenum sputtering targets was about 700t, and in 2007, it was about 900t.

In addition to the flat panel display industry, with the development of the new energy industry, the application of molybdenum sputtering targets in thin-film solar photovoltaic cells is also increasing. The molybdenum sputtering target is mainly used to form the electrical layer of the CIGS copper indium gallium selenide) thin-film battery by sputtering. Mo is located in the bottom layer of the solar cell, and as the back contact of the solar cell, it plays a very important role in the nucleation, growth and morphology of the CIGS thin-film crystals.

Reasons for high strength and low density of titanium alloy screws

titanium metric screw have the characteristics of low density and high strength, and are generally used in places where weight and strength are required, but titanium alloy screws are not high-strength materials.

The high strength of titanium alloy screws is relative to steel screws. The density of titanium alloys is between 50% and 60% of steel, but the strength is equivalent to steel.

The hardness of the titanium alloy itself is very low, but the strength of the titanium alloy is very good, so the elastic modulus of the whole material is very small, and the small elastic modulus means the elasticity is large. In addition to the hardness of titanium alloy itself is higher than that of stainless steel, the weight of the finished product is much lighter than that of ordinary stainless steel screws. The wear resistance of titanium alloy screws and nuts is higher than that of ordinary stainless steel. The material stability of the alloy itself is also high and has good oxidation resistance.

Application of titanium valve in aerospace field and its materials

The high strength and low density of titanium and titanium alloys provide a broad space for their wide application in the aerospace field. Titanium alloys and their valve products are widely used in the aerospace field. Only in terms of the types of valves used, they mainly involve regulating valves, needle valves, etc., and more small-sized and non-standard design valves are mainly used. In the aviation field, the application of titanium alloy and its valve products is not only wide but also huge. Titanium alloy valves are widely used in various pipelines on aircraft. The types of valves involve regulating valves, globe valves, check valves, needle valves, plug valves, ball valves, butterfly valves, etc. The titanium materials used for valves include pure titanium ( Such as ASTMB367C2) and titanium alloy Ti-6AI-4V (ASTMB381F5), Ti-6AI-6V-2Sn, Ti-6A1-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo, Ti-6A1-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo, etc., but pure titanium and Titanium Threaded Forged Fitting Ti-6A1-4V is more common. The titanium valve used in the aviation field uses Ti-6AI-4V as its fastener material in the United States, and BT16 in Russia.

Surface treatment of titanium:

1. Enhanced corrosion resistance treatment:

Atmospheric oxidation treatment and anodization treatment; not only can improve corrosion resistance, but also prevent hydrogen embrittlement; in addition, there are platinum plating, palladium oxide/titanium oxide treatment;

2. Improve wear resistance:

Nitriding is carried out at high temperature (800-900 degrees) to make the surface Vickers hardness as high as 700 or more; through surfacing, adding an appropriate amount of nitrogen or oxygen into argon, the surface hardness can be increased by 2-3 times; Through ion plating, a layer of titanium nitride is formed on the surface, with a thickness of about 5 microns, and the surface Vickers hardness is as high as 16000-20000 chrome plating, etc. Through the above simple understanding of titanium metal and its alloys, we will also understand titanium and its alloys. Its alloys play some roles in the production of circuit boards, and will be enlightening in terms of use and maintenance; grade 7 titanium alloy plate metal is the third largest future application prospect after magnesium and aluminum as a wide range of metals!

Among biomedical metal materials, titanium and its alloys are widely used in artificial joints, bone trauma products, spinal orthopedic internal fixation systems, dental implants, dental trays, artificial heart valves, interventional cardiovascular stents, etc. The preferred material for implant products, at present, there is no better metal material than titanium material for clinical use. In the past 10 years, the market growth rate of biomedical materials and products has been maintained at about 20-25%. It is expected that in the next 10-15 years, the medical device industry, including biomedical materials, will reach the scale of the pharmaceutical products market and become the 21st century. pillar industry of the world economy.

Titanium rods and Titanium Condenser Tubes alloy materials have been widely used in biomedicine, daily necessities, and industrial fields in recent years. This project adopts the new technology of titanium alloy surface modification (PTO process) with independent intellectual property rights and international advanced level, which significantly improves the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, Surface modification makes titanium materials more widely used. PTO technology is an environment-friendly high-tech with high efficiency, energy saving and resource saving.

Surface treatment methods for titanium and titanium alloy forgings: grinding, polishing, coloring

The density of titanium alloy is small, so the inertia of titanium liquid is small when flowing, and the poor fluidity of molten titanium leads to low casting flow rate. The temperature difference between the casting temperature and the casting mold (300℃) is large, the cooling is fast, and the casting is carried out in a protective atmosphere. The surface and interior of the titanium casting inevitably have defects such as pores, which have a great impact on the quality of the titanium casting. The following describes titanium alloy forgings surface treatment method.

1. Removal of the surface reaction layer

The surface reaction layer is the main factor affecting the physical and chemical properties of the titanium casting. Before the titanium casting is ground and polished, the surface contamination layer must be completely removed in order to achieve a satisfactory polishing effect. The surface reaction layer of titanium can be completely removed by pickling after sandblasting.

Surface treatment method of titanium alloy forgings

1. Sandblasting: The sandblasting treatment of titanium castings is generally better to use white corundum for rough blasting, and the pressure of sandblasting is smaller than that of non-precious metals, generally controlled below 0.45Mpa. Because, when the injection pressure is too large, the sand particles impact the titanium surface to generate intense sparks, and the temperature rise can react with the titanium surface, resulting in secondary pollution and affecting the surface quality. The time is 15 to 30 seconds, only to remove the sticky sand, surface sintered layer and part of the oxide layer on the surface of the casting. The rest of the surface reaction layer structure should be quickly removed by chemical pickling.

2. Pickling: Pickling can quickly and completely remove the surface reaction layer, and the surface will not be polluted by other elements. Both HF-HCl series and HF-HNO3 series pickling solutions can be used for titanium pickling, but HF-HCl series pickling solution has a large hydrogen absorption capacity, while HF-HNO3 series acid washing solution has a small hydrogen absorption capacity, which can control HNO3 The concentration of HF can reduce the absorption of hydrogen, and the surface can be brightly treated. Generally, the concentration of HF is about 3%~5%, and the concentration of HNO3 is about 15%~30%.

2. Treatment of casting defects

Internal pores and shrinkage holes Internal defects: can be removed by hot isostatic pressing, but it will affect the accuracy of dentures. It is best to use X-ray inspection to remove exposed pores on the surface and use laser repair welding. Surface porosity defects can be directly repaired by laser local welding.

3. Grinding and polishing

1. Mechanical grinding: Grade 2 Titanium Round Bar has high chemical reactivity, low thermal conductivity, high viscosity, low mechanical grinding and grinding ratio, and is easy to react with abrasives. Ordinary abrasives are not suitable for grinding and polishing titanium. It is better to use good thermal conductivity. For superhard abrasives, such as diamond, cubic boron nitride, etc., the polishing line speed is generally 900~1800m/min.

2. Chemical polishing: Chemical polishing is the purpose of leveling and polishing through the redox reaction of metal in chemical medium. The advantage is that chemical polishing has nothing to do with the hardness of the metal, the polishing area and the structural shape, and all the parts in contact with the polishing liquid are polished, no special complex equipment is required, the operation is simple, and it is more suitable for the polishing of complex structure titanium denture brackets. However, the process parameters of chemical polishing are difficult to control, and it is required to have a good polishing effect on the denture without affecting the accuracy of the denture.

4. Coloring

In order to increase the beauty of titanium dentures and prevent the discoloration of titanium dentures from continued oxidation under natural conditions, surface nitriding treatment, atmospheric oxidation and anodizing surface coloring treatment can be used to make the surface light yellow or golden yellow, and improve the quality of titanium dentures. beauty. The anodic oxidation method utilizes the interference effect of the titanium oxide film on light to naturally develop color, and can form colorful colors on the titanium surface by changing the cell voltage.