The surface reaction layer of the titanium plate and titanium rod can be completely removed by pickling after sandblasting.

In addition to physical and mechanical polishing, there are two types of reaction layers on the surface of Grade 3 Pure Titanium Plate and titanium rods: 1. Chemical polishing, 2. Electrolytic polishing.

1. Chemical polishing:

During chemical polishing, the purpose of leveling and polishing is achieved through the redox reaction of metal in the chemical medium. The advantage is that chemical polishing has nothing to do with the hardness of the metal, the polishing area, and the structural shape, and all the parts in contact with the polishing liquid are polished, no special complicated equipment is required, and the operation is simple, and it is more suitable for the polishing of titanium denture brackets with complex structures. However, the process parameters of chemical polishing are difficult to control, and it is required to have a good polishing effect on the denture without affecting the accuracy of the denture. A better titanium chemical polishing solution is prepared by HF and HNO3 in a certain proportion. HF is a reducing agent, which can dissolve titanium metal and play a leveling role. The concentration is less than 10%. HNO3 plays an oxidizing role to prevent excessive dissolution of titanium and hydrogen absorption. , at the same time can produce bright effect. Titanium polishing liquid requires high concentration, low temperature and short polishing time (1-2min).

2. Electrolytic polishing:

Also known as electrochemical polishing or anodic dissolution polishing, due to the low conductivity and strong oxidation performance of titanium alloy tubes, it is almost impossible to polish titanium with aqueous acidic electrolytes such as HF-H3PO4 and HF-H2SO4 electrolytes. After the external voltage, the Grade 12 Titanium Sheet is oxidized immediately, so that the anode dissolution cannot be carried out. However, the use of anhydrous chloride electrolyte at low voltage has a good polishing effect on titanium. Small specimens can be mirror polished, but for complex restorations, the purpose of complete polishing can still not be achieved. It may be possible to change the shape of the cathode and add an additional cathode. The method can solve this problem, and further research is needed.