Common surface treatment methods for titanium alloy forgings

Sponge titanium is loose and porous, and its strength is very low, so it cannot be used directly as a titanium material. It is the most upstream material of titanium material, which is processed into various shapes of plates, wires, tubes, etc. After melting, forging and rolling. The titanium content of sponge titanium is close to 100%. However, titanium is too active and does not easily react with oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen in the air, so it is almost impossible to achieve 100% purity.

The titanium content is generally above 95%, making it industrially pure titanium. Pure titanium is divided into TA1-TA4 according to the difference in titanium content and impurity content. We usually use TA1 and TA2. Impurities are mainly oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon, iron and so on. The higher the titanium content, the softer it is. We say the lower the strength, but the better its toughness. Therefore, when we make titanium belt buckles and titanium jewelry, we will use TA1 material where the force is not very strong, while the shaft and small screws will use TA2 material. When we make pure titanium cups, TA2 cannot be used. The higher the purity, the better. In particular, the lower the hydrogen content. Otherwise, the toughness is insufficient, it is easy to crack, or obvious stretch lines or pits appear, and the rejection rate is quite high.

Titanium alloy parts are made by combining titanium with other metals and non-metals. These metals and non-metals such as aluminum, molybdenum, vanadium, chromium, iron, zirconium, tin, oxygen, carbon, etc. Titanium alloys are divided into TA, TB, and TC series according to the different metallographic structure.

Take the commonly used TC4 titanium alloy as an example. Its titanium content is 90%, aluminum 6%, and vanadium 4%, so it is also called titanium 6 aluminum 4 vanadium. TC4 titanium alloy is the earliest developed and most widely used titanium alloy in the world, and it is also the earliest titanium alloy used in medical treatment. Its output accounts for more than 80% of the world's total output of various titanium alloy products, especially in the aerospace industry. It has high anti-corrosion performance, strength is higher than pure titanium, toughness is good, processing and welding are relatively easy, so the overall performance is very good, and like pure titanium, it is not allergic.
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