Properties and Applications of Titanium Metal

Titanium is stable in the air; because titanium has low density, high specific strength, and the density is only 0.6 of that of steel. The strength of pure titanium is almost the same as that of steel, and the strength of alloy is nearly twice that of steel. characteristic. Titanium is known as "space metal". It can maintain high strength and mechanical properties in a wide temperature range of -253°C~500°C. Since the 1950s, the proportion of titanium in aerospace has been increasing. The bigger it is, the titanium alloy is an important material for making rocket engine casings, artificial satellites, and spacecraft.

At room temperature, Grade 1 Titanium Straight Wire maintains its own color tone for life, and its unique silver-gray tone is highly polished or mercerized. Matte has a good performance. It is the most suitable jewelry metal except precious metal platinum and gold. It is often used in foreign modern jewelry design. However, due to the high requirements of titanium processing technology, it is difficult to cast it with ordinary equipment, and it is difficult to weld it with ordinary tools, so it is difficult to form a production scale. Titanium is light in texture but extraordinarily strong. It is a popular jewelry material in the world. In terms of style design, the minimalist and clean cutting, high design and low-key avant-garde style are highly respected by young white-collar workers.

6al4v titanium alloy bar is a special metal with low density, light weight, high specific strength, and strong corrosion resistance. It will not turn black like silver, and it will keep its silvery white tone for life at room temperature. TC4 titanium rods and TC4 titanium forgings are commonly used in aerospace. Military precision parts. In terms of chemical reactions, the strong corrosive agent "aqua regia" can devour silver and gold, and even corrode the so-called "stainless" stainless steel. However, "aqua regia" has nothing to do with titanium. Titanium metal is also added to stainless steel to resist acid and alkali.

Titanium plates have unique uses in medicine. When titanium metal comes into contact with substances, no chemical reaction will occur. That is to say, because titanium has high corrosion resistance and high stability, it will not affect its essence after long-term contact with people, so it will not cause human allergies. It is the only one that has no effect on human autonomic nerves and taste. Metal. Titanium is also known as "biophilic metal".

Application of aviation titanium alloy - Knowledge - Xi'an HST Metal Material Co.,Ltd

Application of aviation titanium alloy - Knowledge - Xi'an HST Metal Material Co.,Ltd: Application of aviation titanium alloy

The aviation industry is the largest market for titanium metal products. According to reports, aerospace applications account for more than 30% of the global demand for titanium products. The use of titanium alloys in the aviation industry has many advantages. 

Precision Problems in Machining of Titanium Alloy Fasteners

During the production and processing of Titanium Eye Bolt and candied fruit, the requirements for mechanical precision will be higher. During mechanical production, because the tool is in a state of work wear during each production process, and is calibrated according to the program, the density of titanium alloy fasteners is higher, and the tool is easily worn during the processing process. In this state, the tool is still processed according to the program, which can easily cause the precision of the compact parts to be affected during the processing. If the precision of the fasteners is not strictly controlled within the error range during the entire processing process, the titanium alloy and other materials cannot be tightly connected during the use process, which will have a certain impact on the subsequent use. The precision of titanium alloy fasteners in the machining production process is a major problem that needs to be overcome in the production process. Fastener craft products are products made in high-precision production workshops, and the connection performance of these products is better.

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Grade 5 titanium wire is aerospace-grade and cannot be cold-formed. Therefore, it is usually used when molding is not required. The ultimate tensile strength of the Gr 5 alloy is 895 MPa or higher.

Application range of titanium and titanium alloy bellows

Due to its excellent comprehensive performance, titanium is called the metal of the 21st century. Although the price ratio between titanium and titanium alloy bellows and stainless steel bellows is very high (about 10:1), the service life of steel equipment is only 2 to 3 years. The service life of the pipe can reach more than 20a, and there is almost no repair cost. From the perspective of long-term and comprehensive economic benefits, it is very cost-effective to use titanium bellows. At present, due to cost and manufacturing technology and other reasons, titanium and titanium alloy bellows can only be used in high-tech industries such as aviation, aerospace and high-energy physics in my country, and are rarely used in chemical, oil refining and other industries. It can be expected that with the development of science and technology in our country, the application of titanium is becoming more and more extensive.

Titanium bellows are generally used in occasions with high performance requirements such as light weight and high flexibility, and are also used in fields with high corrosion resistance requirements. Titanium and titanium alloy bellows have broad application prospects in chemical plants such as saltworks, fertilizer plants, and alkali plants. The chemical industry has high requirements on the corrosion resistance of bellows, and stainless steel can no longer meet the actual production needs. The use of titanium and titanium alloy bellows is a development trend. For example, when alkali plants and chemical plants are used for mother liquor heat exchange, due to the high concentration of CL - in the medium, there is corrosion to stainless steel, and the use of titanium bellows can effectively prevent corrosion. For example, a chemical plant in the United States used (254mm) hydroformed titanium corrugated expansion joints in the pipeline for transporting acetic acid; a Titanium Elbow heat exchanger developed by a company in Beijing for the fields of salt chemical and marine chemical industry has been used in some chemical plants , the effect is good.

In the oil refining industry, the most widely used bellows are wave expansion joints. Bellows expansion joints are widely used in catalytic cracking units in the oil refining industry. The bellows (wave expansion joints) used in the oil refining industry have high requirements for corrosion resistance. The main reason is corrosion damage, which accounts for about 80% of the failure of bellows expansion joints. In recent years, with the increase of corrosive medium content in crude oil, the development of heavy oil catalytic cracking process technology, and the increase of device operating temperature, the working conditions of bellows have become more and more harsh. The corrugated expansion joints in the catalytic cracking unit of the refinery often go through a production cycle, and some months or even several hours of operation will cause corrosion damage and need to be replaced, which seriously affects the safe operation of the equipment and the exertion of economic benefits. A pressing problem for refineries.

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F3 Titanium Forging is a relatively rare pure titanium product with a small range of applications. It is less prone to molding than F1、F2 Titanium Forging, with greater strength and improved corrosion resistance. Used in aerospace and some industries that require medium strength, and uses of petrochemical, food processing, pollution control, pulp, and paper.

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ERTi 5 (6Al-4V) AWS A 5.16 CLASS ERTi 5
ERTi 5 is used to weld 6% aluminum - 4% vanadium alloy.
ERTi 5 has high fatigue strength, toughness, and ductility and can be heat treated.
Aircraft and motorcycle competitions include glider and chassis designs, turbine engine components, exhaust systems, and air ducts, rims, wheels, and spacer rings.
Other industrial applications include pressure vessels, chemical processing equipment, piping systems, and compressor blades.

Tips for surface treatment of titanium forgings for aviation oil!

The density of titanium alloy is small, so the inertia of titanium liquid flow is small, and the fluidity of molten titanium is poor, resulting in low casting flow rate. The temperature difference between the casting temperature and the mold (300°C) is large, the cooling is fast, and the casting is carried out in a protective atmosphere. Defects such as pores on the surface and inside of the titanium casting will inevitably appear, which has a great impact on the quality of the titanium casting. Next, the titanium forging The surface treatment tips are organized as follows:

1. Removal of the surface reaction layer

The surface reaction layer is the main factor affecting the physical and chemical properties of titanium castings. Before grinding and polishing titanium castings, the surface contamination layer must be completely removed to achieve a satisfactory polishing effect. The surface reaction layer of titanium alloy flange  can be completely removed by pickling after sandblasting.

1. Sandblasting: For the sandblasting treatment of titanium castings, it is generally better to use white corundum for rough spraying. The pressure of sandblasting is smaller than that of non-precious metals, and it is generally controlled below 0.45Mpa. Because, when the injection pressure is too high, the sand particles impact the titanium surface to produce intense sparks, and the temperature rise can react with the titanium surface, forming secondary pollution and affecting the surface quality. The time is 15 to 30 seconds, and only the sand sticking, surface sintering layer and part of the casting surface and the oxide layer are removed. The remaining surface reaction layer structure should be quickly removed by chemical pickling.

2. Pickling: pickling can quickly and completely remove the surface reaction layer, and the surface will not be polluted by other elements. Both HF-HCl and HF-HNO3 pickling solutions can be used for pickling of titanium, but the HF-HCl series pickling solution has a large hydrogen absorption capacity, while the HF-HNO3 series pickling solution has a small hydrogen absorption capacity, which can control HNO3 The concentration of HF reduces hydrogen absorption, and can brighten the surface. Generally, the concentration of HF is about 3%~5%, and the concentration of HNO3 is about 15%~30%.

2. Treatment of casting defects

Internal pores and shrinkage cavity Internal defects: can be removed by hot isostatic pressing, but it will affect the accuracy of the denture. It is best to use X-ray flaw detection to remove the exposed pores on the surface and use laser repair welding. Surface porosity defects can be directly repaired by local laser welding.

3. Grinding and polishing

1. Mechanical grinding: titanium alloy forged ring has high chemical reactivity, low thermal conductivity, high viscosity, low mechanical grinding ratio, and is easy to react with abrasives. Ordinary abrasives are not suitable for grinding and polishing titanium. It is best to use good thermal conductivity. For superhard abrasives, such as diamond, cubic boron nitride, etc., the polishing line speed is generally 900~1800m/min. Otherwise, grinding burns and microcracks are prone to occur on the titanium surface.

2. Chemical polishing: Chemical polishing is to achieve the purpose of leveling and polishing through the oxidation-reduction reaction of metals in chemical media. Its advantage is that chemical polishing has nothing to do with the hardness of the metal, the polishing area has nothing to do with the structural shape, all parts in contact with the polishing liquid are polished, no special complicated equipment is required, the operation is simple, and it is more suitable for polishing complex titanium denture brackets. However, the process parameters of chemical polishing are difficult to control, and it is required to have a good polishing effect on the denture without affecting the precision of the denture.

4. Coloring

In order to increase the beauty of titanium dentures and prevent the discoloration of titanium dentures from continuous oxidation under natural conditions, surface nitriding treatment, atmospheric oxidation and anodic oxidation can be used for surface coloring treatment to make the surface light yellow or golden yellow and improve the titanium dentures. beauty. The anodic oxidation method utilizes the interference effect of the titanium oxide film on the light to produce natural color, and can form colorful colors on the titanium surface by changing the cell voltage.

New Technology of Titanium Wire Drawing

Titanium wire is one of the metals that are difficult to stretch at room temperature. In the past, graphite resin coating was used, and it could only be stretched in one mold per pass. The surface coating must be removed by pickling before intermediate annealing, especially for wires with a diameter of less than 0.5 mm. , the production process is complicated, the cycle is long, the metal damage is large, and there are silver-white pits on the surface of the wire, and even the mold cannot be stretched due to the sticky mold of the tree. After more than two years of production practice, the titanium wire manufacturer has developed a simple lubricating coating (including lime, soap, garden powder, molybdenum disulfide) for titanium wire stretching, so as to achieve multiple Die stretching new technology. The process has the following characteristics:

New Technology of titanium welding filler wire Drawing

1. Realized multi-mode stretching (up to 7 modes), which greatly shortened the production cycle, increased labor productivity, and increased output by more than 5 times, thereby reducing costs and creating conditions for the civil use of titanium materials.

2. Simplify and shorten the process flow, reduce labor intensity, reduce the amount of industrial acid, and reduce metal loss by about 15%.

3. The surface quality of surgical medical titanium wire is improved (silver-white pitting is eliminated, and stretched surface wire with metallic luster is obtained), and the tolerance of wire diameter is reduced, thereby improving corrosion resistance.

4. In the past, it was difficult to prepare industrial pure titanium wire with a diameter of 0.06 mm. Now, after improvement, it can smoothly stretch industrial pure titanium wire with a diameter of 0.06 mm and titanium alloy wire with a diameter of 0.1 mm, expanding the diameter of the titanium wire. Specifications and scope of use provide corrosion-resistant mesh materials for printing and dyeing, chemical, light industry and other industries.

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F3 Titanium Forging is a relatively rare pure titanium product with a small range of applications. It is less prone to molding than F1、F2 Titanium Forging, with greater strength and improved corrosion resistance. Used in aerospace and some industries that require medium strength, and uses of petrochemical, food processing, pollution control, pulp and paper.

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Titanium bar/rod—a hot rolled, forged, or cold worked semifinished solid section product whose cross-sectional area is equal to or less than 16 in. (10323 mm); ASTM B348 Round Bar is a very popular go-to for many products.

 

Titanium bar/rod manufacturing state(ASTM B348):

Hot Rolling（R）

Cold Rolling（Y）

Annealing（M）

Solid solution（ST）

Titanium materials can be used in the aviation industry

With the continuous research on titanium metal, it plays an indispensable role in all walks of life. Due to its special characteristics, titanium metal can be used not only in general industry, but also in aviation industry. Today, the editor of Baoji titanium material manufacturer will tell you about titanium metal.

The specific strength (ratio of strength to weight) of titanium and its alloys is the highest among metal structural materials. Its strength is equivalent to that of steel, but its weight is only 57% of that of steel. In addition, titanium and its alloys have strong heat resistance, and can still maintain good strength and stability in an atmosphere of 500 ° C, and the short-term working temperature can even be higher. Aluminum loses its original mechanical properties at 150°C and stainless steel at 310°C.

When aircraft missiles and rockets fly at high speed, the engine and surface temperature are quite high, and aluminum alloy is no longer competent. Titanium alloy is very suitable. It is precisely because Tantalum Sputtering Target and its alloys have comprehensive excellent properties such as high strength, light weight, and strong heat resistance, when they are used in aircraft manufacturing to replace other metals, it can not only prolong the service life of the aircraft, but also reduce its weight, thereby Greatly improve its flight performance. Therefore, titanium is one of the more promising structural materials in the aviation industry and aerospace industry.

The amount of titanium used in aircraft engines has increased, and the fuselage also partially requires titanium. Aircraft with a Mach number greater than 3.5 have a high engine inlet temperature, so they cannot have a high impact strength, and can withstand high pressure and vibration. Therefore, ASTM F67 Gr2 Titanium Plate and its alloys are only used to manufacture engine casings and structural components in rockets, missiles and spacecraft, and are used to manufacture high-pressure containers, such as high-pressure gas cylinders, cryogenic liquid fuel tanks, etc. In addition, titanium and its alloys are used in nuclear reactors and military weapons.

Grade 3 Pure Titanium Sheet/Plate Manufacturers, Suppliers, Factory - Buy Best Price Grade 3 Pure Titanium Sheet/Plate for Sale - HST TITANIUM

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Grade 3 pure titanium Plate is a high-purity titanium metal product with similar mechanical and physical properties to Gr1 and Gr2, but with greater strength. Gr3 titanium Plate has excellent corrosion resistance and good weldability. This grade of titanium is used in aircraft fuselage and engine parts.

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An overview of the classification and application of titanium wire and the related factors affecting the tensile force!

In recent years, with the continuous research and development of titanium, there are more and more kinds of titanium materials. Titanium wire is one of the common titanium materials in life.

  Generally speaking, titanium and Grade 5 Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Wire refers to titanium products supplied in the form of discs, and some are supplied in the form of straight wires. As far as the diameter is concerned, the division standard of titanium wire and titanium rod is not strict, and each country has different standards. my country's wire standard "GB3623-83" only shows that the diameter of titanium and titanium alloy wire is not greater than 6mm.

1. Classification

According to different properties, titanium and titanium alloys can be used to prepare wires with different requirements, generally divided into: pure titanium wire, titanium alloy wire, pure titanium glasses wire, titanium straight wire, titanium welding wire, titanium hanging wire, titanium disc Wire, titanium bright wire, medical titanium wire, titanium-nickel alloy wire, each has a different purpose. For example, pure titanium spectacle wire is mainly used to make spectacle brackets, titanium hanger wire is used to hang weights, and titanium-nickel alloy wire is commonly used as memory alloy material.

The finished products of titanium and surgical medical titanium wire are generally hard (Y) and annealed (M), and the surface can be divided into pickling surface and bright surface.

2. Application

Titanium wire also perfectly "inherits" the advantages of titanium and titanium alloys, with a series of good corrosion resistance, high specific strength, non-magnetic, high biocompatibility, low impedance to ultrasonic waves and good shape memory function. Excellent characteristics.

Therefore, titanium wire is widely used in many fields such as aerospace, petrochemical, medical and health, automobile, construction, and sports and leisure products.

And in recent years, due to its continuous development, its variety has become more and more diverse, which provides more choices for its application in high-performance industrial products and consumer products.

  3. The main factors affecting the tensile force of titanium wire

With the development of the national economy, the demand for titanium and titanium alloy wire is increasing, and it is currently in a state of short supply, with great potential for development.

  (1) Mechanical properties of metals. Closely related to the yield strength of the metal being stretched. Generally, there is a linear relationship between the yield strength of a stretched metal and the tensile force, that is, as the strength of the stretched metal increases, the tensile force increases.

(2) Degree of deformation. The tensile force increases with the degree of deformation.

(3) Stretching speed. In the practical range of stretching speed, the effect of stretching speed on stretching force is not very obvious. Just at the moment of starting the equipment, the tensile force increases due to the greater acceleration. When the speed is stable, the tensile force does not change with the change of speed.

(4) The length of the sizing belt. Affect the friction force when the metal passes through, the sizing belt increases, and the tensile force also increases.

(5) Mold shape. Die taper and sizing belt length are directly related to tensile force. The increase of the die angle reduces the length of the deformation zone, reduces the vertical pressure and the resulting friction, but the increase of the die angle also increases the deformation resistance in the horizontal direction. When the mold angle is small, the former factor dominates, so the tensile force decreases with the increase of the mold angle; while when the mold angle is large, the latter factor dominates, so the tensile force decreases with the increase of the mold angle increase. Therefore, there is an optimal die angle, and the tensile force is the smallest when stretching at the optimal die angle. Experiments show that the magnitude of the tensile force has a certain relationship with the arc of the mold, but the influence is limited. At the same time, because the manufacture and inspection of the shape of the tapered die hole are relatively easy, the tapered die is often used in production.

  (6) Lubrication and friction conditions. The quality of lubricating conditions and lubricants directly affects the magnitude of the tensile force. The difference in tool material and surface roughness is also related to the change of friction coefficient, which causes the change of tensile force.

Development and Application Market of Low Alloy Titanium Coil

Up to now, the key technology of low-alloy Grade 3 Pure Titanium Foil production is still mastered by several large titanium coil manufacturers abroad, and a domestic company has only begun to conduct in-depth research in recent years and has made preliminary progress. However, a large number of low-alloy titanium coils still need to be imported into China every year, and their price and demand are controlled by others, so as to restrain and stifle the production of domestic low-alloy titanium coils and achieve the purpose of exporting titanium processed products to China and monopolizing the market.

Alloy titanium coils are mainly used in high-tech fields such as aircraft, spacecraft, submarines, nuclear power plants, medical treatment, and high-end racing cars, as well as civil fields such as metallurgy, the chemical industry, and decoration.

At present, a number of complete titanium coil production lines have been built in China, and have begun to take shape, and the equipment strength has far surpassed that of similar foreign manufacturers. In November 2008, with the successful trial production of domestic cold-rolled titanium coils, a complete production chain from sponge titanium, smelting, forging, rolling, finishing treatment, and deep processing was formed. The production technology of titanium coils has been perfected day by day, and a large amount of data and experience have been accumulated for the production of low-alloy wide-width Gr2 Pure Titanium Foil.

Medical industry

Due to its excellent compatibility with the human body, titanium has been used as the material of choice in the medical industry. With the development of the strip market, the medical industry, which used to rely on sheet production to provide raw materials, began to prefer belt production instead, mainly because of the high precision and high consistency of belt production, which can fully guarantee the use in the human body environment. safety, but at the same time, a slightly higher strength index requirement is also proposed, which also promotes the potential of the low alloy market.

civilian market

In recent years, due to the promotion of titanium for construction and titanium for kitchen utensils, the use of titanium in the civilian market has gradually been accepted by people. Everyone has begun to use the proportion of titanium in daily life as a strength of corporate publicity. In emerging markets such as mobile phone cases, laptops, business card holders, and even business cards, titanium has gradually become a tool for publicity and a carrier for information transmission.

pipe

Ti-3Al-2.5V is mainly used as a seamless pipe application. Such tubes can be processed in various crystallographic orientations from radial to axial textures. The diversity of Ti-3Al-2.5V texture provides an effective way to improve performance. Ti-3Al-2.5V was originally developed as a material for welded and seamless pipes. This alloy was later used in some other constructions, but the tubing application still dominates today.

Virtually all commercial airliners now have Ti-3Al-2.5V hydraulic systems, and the alloy is increasingly used in chemical equipment. The chemical equipment made of it can withstand higher operating temperatures, the efficiency is improved, and the environmental impact is significantly reduced, especially the good corrosion resistance in seawater so that it is gradually used in seawater cooling systems and seabed oil exploitation. At the same time, high strength, low density, and good rigidity are excellent materials for developing bicycle frames and golf clubs.

Determination of Nitrogen Content in Sponge Titanium, Titanium and Titanium Alloys

Nitrogen in titanium alloys mainly exists in the form of nitrides, such as TiN, VN, FeN, etc., and only a small part of nitrogen exists in the form of atoms. Excessive nitrogen content in titanium alloys will lead to loose macrostructure and even the formation of bubbles. It reduces the toughness, increases the hardness, and increases the sensitivity of the notch, which greatly hinders the application of titanium and titanium alloys. Therefore, in the production of titanium and titanium alloy tubing, it is necessary to accurately analyze the nitrogen content in sponge titanium, titanium, and titanium alloys, and strictly control its content to ensure product quality. Due to the high melting point of nitrides in titanium and titanium alloys (for example, the melting point of titanium nitride is 2950°C), it is difficult to directly determine its content by pulse inert gas melting method. Through the selection and combination of different graphite crucibles, fluxes, sample weights, and heating power, researchers have realized the use of LECO's TC600 oxygen and nitrogen combined detector pulse inert gas melting-thermal conductivity method to test sponge titanium, titanium, and Titanium Alloy Seamless Rectangular Pipe. Determination of nitrogen content.

The principle of the experiment is as follows: put the sample into a graphite crucible with flux, protect it with an inert gas (helium), and release oxygen and nitrogen at a sufficient temperature. Oxygen combines with carbon to form CO and nitrogen is released as N2. The gas released by the sample is carried by the inert gas through the heated rare earth copper oxide, so that CO is converted into CO2, H2 is converted into H2O, CO2 is absorbed by soda asbestos, and H2O is absorbed by anhydrous magnesium perchlorate. Then, nitrogen enters the thermal conductivity measurement cell in the form of N2, and the output of the Wheatstone bridge is integrated and compared with the reference material to respond, which is displayed in the form of nitrogen percentage.

The test results are as follows: using a high-temperature graphite crucible preloaded with 0.050g of high-purity graphite powder, and using a high-purity nickel basket as a flux, the best test conditions for the combined measuring instrument are: degassing power 5600W, analysis power 5000W, degassing time 20s, cooling time 15s, flushing time 15s, integration time 65s. Through the measurement of standard samples and comparison with the data of other units, and put into production testing, it is proved that the method is easy to operate, fast in analysis speed, and the accuracy and precision of data meet the needs of scientific research and production.

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Titanium alloy has good mechanical properties at room temperature and high temperature, excellent fatigue resistance and cracks propagation resistance. It has been widely used in the manufacture of pressure vessels on spacecraft missiles, rocket engine shells, aircraft skins, ribs, and webs. 

Application of titanium alloy in bicycle industry

At present, in the bicycle industry, especially in the high-end bicycle industry, people are increasingly pursuing high-quality driving experience, and require bicycles to be safe, reliable, and light. Titanium bicycles are high-end bicycles that have become popular in the world. In order to further To lighten the weight of the vehicle body, the manufacturer hopes to change the frame tube from a straight tube with equal diameter to a tube with a variable inner diameter and wall thickness. The characteristic of this kind of pipe is that the outer diameter is constant, and the inner diameter is small at both ends and large in the middle, so it is difficult to produce this kind of titanium welded tube. According to the needs of users, a new technology was used for trial production. After nearly a year of hard work, the trial production was successful and samples were provided to foreign manufacturers. Now, has designed and manufactured a special machine tool that can mass-produce such pipes. Under the control of the computer, it can produce different specifications of inner diameter reducing pipes and realize industrialization.