1. Basic forming process of titanium plate
1. Shearing and rolling
Use professional shears or tools to cut the titanium plate to the target size, with an error control within ±0.5mm;
Cold rolling or hot rolling through a mechanical rolling mill:
Hot rolling : After the slab is heated by a step-type heating furnace, it is gradually thinned to the target thickness through a rough rolling mill and a finishing mill. The surface needs to be descaled with high-pressure water to remove the oxide scale;
Cold rolling : Based on the hot-rolled plate, multiple passes are rolled, with higher dimensional accuracy, suitable for high-precision parts manufacturing. Grade 9 Ti-3Al-2.5V Titanium Sheet / Grade 9 Titanium Sheet / titanium sheet metal
2. Extrusion and stamping
High-pressure extruders cooperate with molds to form complex cross-sectional structures;
Stamping machines achieve rapid forming, and can process precision holes or concave-convex structures with a diameter of ≥1mm, suitable for aerospace parts.
2. Surface treatment technology
1. Pickling and shot blasting
After annealing, the titanium plate is cleaned with hydrochloric acid + mixed acid to remove the oxide scale and improve the surface gloss;
Shot blasting enhances surface roughness and improves coating adhesion.
2. Functional coating
Sandblasting : Alumina particles impact to form a uniform texture and improve wear resistance;
Vacuum evaporation : Nano-scale metal film is deposited on the surface of the titanium plate to give it antibacterial or conductive functions.
III. Heat treatment and post-treatment
1. Annealing process :
Pure titanium plates are kept at 650-750℃ for 1-2 hours to eliminate cold rolling stress and restore plasticity;
TC4 titanium alloy requires double annealing to optimize strength and toughness matching.
2. Straightening process :
A multi-roll straightening machine is used to correct defects such as edge waves and warping of titanium plates, and the flatness is ≤1mm/m.
IV. Application of advanced manufacturing technology
1. Additive manufacturing : Laser selective melting technology realizes integrated molding of complex structures of titanium plates, with a material utilization rate of more than 85%. Typical applications include aircraft engine fuel nozzles;
2. Composite processing : CNC production lines that integrate laser cutting and bending have a processing efficiency that is 4 times higher than traditional processes.
Notes:
1. Material selection: TA1 pure titanium is suitable for conventional corrosion-resistant scenarios, and TC4 is used for high-strength structural parts;
2. Tool wear: High-cobalt carbide tools must be used during processing, and emulsion cooling must be used to extend the life;
3. Environmental protection requirements: Pickling waste liquid must be neutralized and treated to meet the standards before discharge, and the fluoride ion concentration must be ≤10mg/L.
Summary: Titanium plate processing needs to match the process chain according to specific performance requirements. The coordinated application of traditional cold and hot rolling and additive manufacturing technology is driving its penetration rate in high-precision fields to increase by more than 60%.